There’s a new paper.
with 14 "authors" !
It claims:
“These data reveal
that the world’s oceans
(especially at
upper 2000 meters)
in 2019 were the warmest
in recorded human history.”
Is that true?
No.
And what does
"recorded human
history" mean?
Did they mean:
“The warmest since humans
began reliably measuring
deep ocean temperatures" ?
If so,
the truth is
that humans
have NOT
yet begun
reliably measuring
ocean temperatures !
We have no global data
for below the ocean's
surface temperatures
before Argo floats.
Even now,
each float represents
50,000 square miles
of ocean.
The average depth
of the oceans
is 3,700 meters.
Argo floats measure
down to 2,000 meters.
So the study considers
only down to 2,000 meters,
as if the other 40% to 50%
of the oceans, below
the top 2,000 meters,
do not matter !
The have no data
to support
their conclusion.
They are making it up.
Cheng et al. cite
four IPCC reports,
and merely assume
man-made climate
change is fact,
rather than
a mere belief.
The data in Cheng et al.
go back to just 1955 --
64 years of data.
Earth is
70 million
times older
than 64 years
( 4.5 billion years old ).
When it is expressed
in terms of temperature,
the oceans down to 2,000m
have warmed by a little more
than +0.1C in half a century.
with a ridiculous claimed
margin of error of
+/- 0.003 degrees C
ARGO buoys,
only operational
since 2005,
cover less than
one third
of the oceans.
The Argo bouys float.
They are not tethered.
They can move to warmer
or cooler waters, with the
ocean currents.
The +0.1 degree C.
warming is meaningless
(false precision).
Prior to that = wild guesses.
As the map below shows,
There is huge variation
in sea surface temperature
anomalies across the world,
with a range of about
6 degrees C.
We are told temperature
anomalies at depth
will be much less volatile.
DETAILS:
Estimates of Ocean
Heat Content
(OHC)
require subtracting
one huge number
from another
huge number.
Errors in the estimates
of the numbers may be
far greater than the
difference between
the numbers.
For OHC,
the estimates
are in units of
Zettajoules (ZJ).
ZJ is one sextillion,
or ten raised to
the 21st power,
... or one power of 10
less than the solar energy
hitting the earth’s surface
each day.
The Cheng et al. paper
replaces no [existing]
temperature [record]
with synthetic "data'
for the world’s oceans
( at least for parts of them ).
Then comes to the conclusion
that deep ocean temperature
increased by less than
+0.1 degrees C in 60 years.
The Cheng et al. 2020 article
is only 6 pages long
and is located here:
P.S.:
Concerning the 14 "authors".
There is a “publish or perish”
unwritten rule in today’s
so-called institutions
of higher learning.
These institutions
falsely base
the quality
of the faculty
on the
number of papers
they publish
and
the amount
of grant money
they bring in
to the institution.
The more papers
you have
your name on,
the more
“worthy”
of grants.
The more grants
you can get,
the more papers
you can get
your name on
... while the
bloated college
administration
staffers give
themselves
pay raises.