The roughly estimated
+130 ppm increase
in atmospheric
CO2 concentration,
since 1750, has
slightly changed
ocean pH levels.
Continued CO2
level increases,
we are told,
will kill off coral.
We are told this
by the same people
who consider CO2,
the staff of life
on our planet,
to be a pollutant.
We are told this
by people who have
been making
gloomy predictions
about the future
climate since
the late 1950s --
but not one prediction
has ever been correct.
We don't need to wait
for many decades
to find out if high CO2
levels will harm coral.
We already know
the answer is "no".
Ocean waters contain
about 50 times more CO2
( 38,000 vs. 750 PgC )
than the atmosphere
does (North et al., 2014).
The source is underwater
volcanic eruptions with
liquid CO2 pouring through
the oceanic seafloor.
The temperature
of the acid spewing
into the ocean
reaches
103°C to 380°C
(Kelley, 2017).
Mid-ocean ridge
volcanism is the
“key contributor”
to the CO2 flux,
from Earth’s mantle,
to the sea surface.
The acid pouring
into the ocean
from seafloor
volcanism
may contain
about 9,000
to 57,000 ppm
CO2 concentrations
(Helo et al., 2011).
Scientists have found
groundwater reaching
temperatures of 50-55°C
bubbling up from
the seafloor with
CO2 concentrations
ranging from 60,000
to 95,000 ppm
(Cardenas et al., 2020).
These extremely high
CO2 concentrations
are associated with
nearby pH values
of below, or slightly
above 6.0.
That means real
ocean “acidification”
is already occurring
at many locations.
Are nearby coral
reefs killed off ?
No ...
the nearby
coral reef
communities,
actually “thrive”
in the warm,
CO2-rich
conditions !
This is yet
another example
pf real facts
about coral
versus
climate change
scaremongering.